Tier-2 coefficient · weight 0.10
gapnium.automation
Real economic work actually being done by AI.
Hover the chart to read values · click a marker to open its articles
What it measures
Adoption and impact in the economy: the share of economically valuable tasks AI performs at expert parity (GDPval), user adoption, enterprise deployment and measured productivity. Negative evidence — failed pilots, productivity studies showing slow-downs — pulls this tier down.
Evidence the sorting agent looks for
- GDPval and occupational task evals
- User and enterprise adoption
- Productivity studies (positive and negative)
- Labour-market effects
What 1.0 would mean
Most economically valuable work can be performed by AI at lower cost than humans and is, in practice, being performed by it.
Events that moved gapnium.automation
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Claude Opus 5.5: frontier performance at lower cost
Opus 5.5 reports 66.4% on Terminal-Bench 4.0, 81.8% on OSWorld 2.1 and matches Fable 5.1 on most work for ~40% less than Opus 5.
Autonomy +0.016 Automation +0.010 Compute +0.006 -
Claude Opus 5 sets agentic and knowledge-work records
Anthropic's Opus 5 comes close to Claude Fable 5 at half the price and scores roughly three times the next-best model on ARC-AGI 3.
Cognition +0.022 Autonomy +0.016 Automation +0.012 -
Claude Opus 4.6 brings 1M context to Opus
Opus 4.6 posts state-of-the-art results on Terminal-Bench 2.0, Humanity's Last Exam and BrowseComp, and leads GDPval-AA.
Autonomy +0.018 Automation +0.010 Cognition +0.008 -
METR Time Horizon 1.1 and its limits
METR expands its task suite to 228 tasks with more than twice as many 8h+ tasks, and cautions that a 50% horizon is not a delegation guarantee.
Autonomy +0.006 Automation −0.003 -
GDPval: models approach experts on real occupational tasks
OpenAI's GDPval finds the best models' work rated as good as or better than industry experts' in nearly half of tasks across 44 occupations.
Automation +0.020 -
MIT report: 95% of enterprise gen-AI pilots show no P&L impact
An MIT NANDA study finds most corporate generative-AI pilots deliver little measurable financial return.
Automation −0.008 -
GPT-5 released
OpenAI's GPT-5 unifies fast and reasoning modes, posting 74.9% on SWE-bench Verified and lower hallucination rates.
Cognition +0.010 Automation +0.010 -
METR RCT: AI tools made experienced developers 19% slower
A randomised trial finds experienced open-source developers took 19% longer with early-2025 AI tools, despite believing they were 20% faster.
Automation −0.012 Recursion −0.006 -
Deep Research agents produce analyst-grade reports
OpenAI's Deep Research autonomously browses for up to 30 minutes and writes cited, multi-page reports.
Autonomy +0.012 Automation +0.008 -
DeepSeek-R1: open reasoning model at a fraction of the cost
DeepSeek releases an open-weights reasoning model performing on par with o1 on maths and code.
Compute +0.012 Cognition +0.008 Automation +0.005 -
Claude gains computer use
Anthropic releases a model that operates a computer by looking at the screen, moving a cursor and typing.
Autonomy +0.020 Automation +0.005 -
GPT-4o brings real-time multimodal interaction
OpenAI's GPT-4o reasons across audio, vision and text in real time, at GPT-4 level, free to all users.
Automation +0.010 Cognition +0.008 -
GPT-4 passes professional exams
GPT-4 scores around the top 10% on a simulated bar exam and accepts image inputs.
Cognition +0.050 Automation +0.015 Autonomy +0.010 -
Meta releases LLaMA, open weights spread
Meta's LLaMA models match much larger systems, and their weights quickly spread to the open research community.
Automation +0.006 Compute +0.004 -
ChatGPT launches
OpenAI releases ChatGPT; it becomes the fastest-growing consumer application in history.
Automation +0.035 Cognition +0.010 Compute +0.010 -
GitHub Copilot puts an AI pair-programmer in the editor
GitHub previews Copilot, powered by OpenAI Codex, suggesting whole lines and functions as developers type.
Automation +0.012 Recursion +0.008